{
 "dataset": "confusing-pairs",
 "description": "100 curated \"don't confuse these\" pairs - look-alike characters and easily-mixed words, each with a one-line teaching note. The same list powers the site's /compare/ pages and the app.",
 "homepage": "https://www.linzi.app/data/",
 "license": "CC-BY-SA 4.0 - curated by LinZi (linzi.app)",
 "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
 "sources": [
  "LinZi app: app/lib/core/pairs.dart"
 ],
 "attribution": "Vocabulary data from LinZi - https://www.linzi.app/data/",
 "attribution_html": "Vocabulary data from <a href=\"https://www.linzi.app/data/\">LinZi</a> - linzi.app/data/",
 "rows": 100,
 "fields": [
  "slug",
  "items",
  "note",
  "url"
 ],
 "data": [
  {
   "slug": "ji-yi",
   "items": [
    "己",
    "已"
   ],
   "note": "Self vs. already: the opening at the bottom is the whole difference (巳, the snake, completes the trio).",
   "url": "/compare/ji-yi/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "ren-ru",
   "items": [
    "人",
    "入"
   ],
   "note": "Person vs. enter: the strokes diverge at the top.",
   "url": "/compare/ren-ru/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "wei-mo",
   "items": [
    "未",
    "末"
   ],
   "note": "Not yet vs. end: the horizontal lengths swap the meaning.",
   "url": "/compare/wei-mo/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "tu-shi",
   "items": [
    "土",
    "士"
   ],
   "note": "Earth vs. scholar: which stroke is longer decides it.",
   "url": "/compare/tu-shi/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "ri-mu",
   "items": [
    "日",
    "目"
   ],
   "note": "Sun vs. eye: one inner line changes everything.",
   "url": "/compare/ri-mu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "da-tai",
   "items": [
    "大",
    "太"
   ],
   "note": "Great vs. too: the dot under 大.",
   "url": "/compare/da-tai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "mu-ben",
   "items": [
    "木",
    "本"
   ],
   "note": "Tree vs. root: the baseline marks the origin.",
   "url": "/compare/mu-ben/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "ba-bo",
   "items": [
    "拔",
    "拨"
   ],
   "note": "Pull out vs. dial: the hand radical is shared; the right side differs by one stroke.",
   "url": "/compare/ba-bo/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "qing-jing",
   "items": [
    "晴",
    "睛"
   ],
   "note": "Clear (weather) vs. eyeball: sun vs. eye radical.",
   "url": "/compare/qing-jing/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "he-ke",
   "items": [
    "喝",
    "渴"
   ],
   "note": "Drink vs. thirsty: mouth radical vs. water.",
   "url": "/compare/he-ke/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "lan-lan",
   "items": [
    "蓝",
    "篮"
   ],
   "note": "Blue vs. basket: grass head vs. bamboo head.",
   "url": "/compare/lan-lan/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "mai-mai",
   "items": [
    "买",
    "卖"
   ],
   "note": "Buy vs. sell: the seller adds a mark on top (買/賣).",
   "url": "/compare/mai-mai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "wen-wen",
   "items": [
    "问",
    "闻"
   ],
   "note": "Ask vs. hear/smell: mouth vs. ear inside the gate (問/聞).",
   "url": "/compare/wen-wen/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "xiang-xiang",
   "items": [
    "像",
    "象"
   ],
   "note": "Resemble vs. elephant: the person radical marks the abstract sense.",
   "url": "/compare/xiang-xiang/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "jiu-sa",
   "items": [
    "酒",
    "洒"
   ],
   "note": "Wine vs. sprinkle: water radical plus a near-identical right side.",
   "url": "/compare/jiu-sa/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "bian-bian-bian",
   "items": [
    "辩",
    "辨",
    "辫"
   ],
   "note": "Argue / distinguish / braid: speech, knife, silk between 辛 (辯辨辮).",
   "url": "/compare/bian-bian-bian/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "de-de-de",
   "items": [
    "的",
    "得",
    "地"
   ],
   "note": "de ×3: possessive, complement, adverbial; same sound, different grammar.",
   "url": "/compare/de-de-de/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "zai-zai",
   "items": [
    "在",
    "再"
   ],
   "note": "zài at/in vs. zài again: existence vs. repetition.",
   "url": "/compare/zai-zai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "zuo-zuo",
   "items": [
    "做",
    "作"
   ],
   "note": "zuò do/make vs. zuò work/act: concrete vs. abstract \"do\".",
   "url": "/compare/zuo-zuo/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "zuo-zuo-seat",
   "items": [
    "坐",
    "座"
   ],
   "note": "zuò to sit vs. zuò seat/measure: verb vs. noun.",
   "url": "/compare/zuo-zuo-seat/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "hui-neng",
   "items": [
    "会",
    "能"
   ],
   "note": "huì learned skill vs. néng capability: both \"can\".",
   "url": "/compare/hui-neng/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "haishi-huozhe",
   "items": [
    "还是",
    "或者"
   ],
   "note": "háishi \"or\" in questions, huòzhě \"or\" in statements.",
   "url": "/compare/haishi-huozhe/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "liaojie-lijie",
   "items": [
    "了解",
    "理解"
   ],
   "note": "To know of vs. to comprehend: 了解 is acquaintance, 理解 is grasp.",
   "url": "/compare/liaojie-lijie/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "er-liang",
   "items": [
    "二",
    "两"
   ],
   "note": "Two ways to say \"two\": counting vs. measuring.",
   "url": "/compare/er-liang/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "chuan-dai",
   "items": [
    "穿",
    "戴"
   ],
   "note": "Wear (through the body) vs. wear (on the surface).",
   "url": "/compare/chuan-dai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "zhuyi-zhuyi",
   "items": [
    "注意",
    "主意"
   ],
   "note": "zhùyì pay attention vs. zhǔyi an idea: tone flip, different word.",
   "url": "/compare/zhuyi-zhuyi/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "zhidao-renshi",
   "items": [
    "知道",
    "认识"
   ],
   "note": "Know a fact vs. know a person: 知道 facts, 认识 acquaintances.",
   "url": "/compare/zhidao-renshi/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "ganjue-juede",
   "items": [
    "感觉",
    "觉得"
   ],
   "note": "Feel/sensation (noun-ish) vs. feel/think (opinion).",
   "url": "/compare/ganjue-juede/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "hou-hou",
   "items": [
    "候",
    "侯"
   ],
   "note": "Time/wait 候 carries a slim 亻 stripe down the middle; feudal-lord 侯 drops it, 时候 vs 王侯.",
   "url": "/compare/hou-hou/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "mi-mi",
   "items": [
    "密",
    "蜜"
   ],
   "note": "Dense 密 caps 山 with a roof (thick as hills); honey 蜜 caps 虫, the bee underneath.",
   "url": "/compare/mi-mi/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "li-li",
   "items": [
    "历",
    "厉"
   ],
   "note": "History 历 hides 力 under the cliff; severe 厉 hides 万, 经历 vs 厉害.",
   "url": "/compare/li-li/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "yuan-yuan",
   "items": [
    "园",
    "圆"
   ],
   "note": "Garden 园 walls in 元; round 圆 walls in 员, same enclosure, different yard (公園 vs 圓圈).",
   "url": "/compare/yuan-yuan/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "ju-ju",
   "items": [
    "具",
    "俱"
   ],
   "note": "Tool 具 vs all 俱, the person radical collects everyone: 家具 vs 面面俱到.",
   "url": "/compare/ju-ju/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "zhang-zhang",
   "items": [
    "账",
    "帐"
   ],
   "note": "Ledger 账 carries cowrie-money 贝; tent 帐 carries cloth 巾, 记账 vs 帐篷.",
   "url": "/compare/zhang-zhang/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "you-zai",
   "items": [
    "又",
    "再"
   ],
   "note": "Both \"again\": 又 replays what already happened (他又迟到了), 再 schedules what has not (这件事明天再谈).",
   "url": "/compare/you-zai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "jiu-cai",
   "items": [
    "就",
    "才"
   ],
   "note": "Same slot, opposite expectation: 就 says \"earlier/faster than expected\" (我马上就来), 才 \"later than expected\" (他九点才起床).",
   "url": "/compare/jiu-cai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "dui-duiyu",
   "items": [
    "对",
    "对于"
   ],
   "note": "对 is the everyday \"toward\" and doubles as \"correct\" (你说得对); 对于 is the formal, written \"regarding\" that only fronts a topic (对于我来说没任何意义).",
   "url": "/compare/dui-duiyu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "youdian-yidian",
   "items": [
    "有点",
    "一点"
   ],
   "note": "有点 + adjective = \"somewhat\", usually a complaint (有点累了); 一点 measures a noun or degree — in negatives, \"not the least bit\" (一点关系都没有).",
   "url": "/compare/youdian-yidian/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "bangmang-bangzhu",
   "items": [
    "帮忙",
    "帮助"
   ],
   "note": "帮助 carries its object directly (帮助别人); 帮忙 splits — the helped person goes inside (帮我的忙), or it stays whole (谢谢你帮忙).",
   "url": "/compare/bangmang-bangzhu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "yihou-houlai",
   "items": [
    "以后",
    "后来"
   ],
   "note": "以后 anchors \"after\" to a point, future included (穿好衣服以后); 后来 is \"later on\" in a past story and stands alone (但后来忘了).",
   "url": "/compare/yihou-houlai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "turan-huran",
   "items": [
    "突然",
    "忽然"
   ],
   "note": "Both drop in as \"suddenly\" adverbs (我忽然想起); only 突然 also works as an adjective — 很突然 is fine, 很忽然 is not.",
   "url": "/compare/turan-huran/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "yizhi-zongshi",
   "items": [
    "一直",
    "总是"
   ],
   "note": "一直 is one unbroken stretch (我一直在等你); 总是 is every single time — a habit on repeat (她总是忘记带钥匙).",
   "url": "/compare/yizhi-zongshi/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "manyi-manzu",
   "items": [
    "满意",
    "满足"
   ],
   "note": "满意 = pleased with something (对他的新车很满意); 满足 = fulfill a need or feel content inside (满足您的要求).",
   "url": "/compare/manyi-manzu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "shihe-heshi",
   "items": [
    "适合",
    "合适"
   ],
   "note": "适合 is the verb — it takes an object (中号更适合您); 合适 is the adjective \"suitable\" — no object allowed (对我正合适).",
   "url": "/compare/shihe-heshi/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "tongguo-jingguo",
   "items": [
    "通过",
    "经过"
   ],
   "note": "通过 goes through a method — \"by means of\" (通过他的介绍); 经过 goes through a place or a span of time (刚从这里经过).",
   "url": "/compare/tongguo-jingguo/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "fanying-fanying",
   "items": [
    "反应",
    "反映"
   ],
   "note": "Same fǎnyìng: 反应 is the response to a stimulus (做出反应); 反映 is the mirror that shows what lies underneath (反映了它的文化).",
   "url": "/compare/fanying-fanying/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "bixu-bixu",
   "items": [
    "必须",
    "必需"
   ],
   "note": "Same bìxū: 必须 is the adverb \"must\" before a verb (必须去医院); 必需 is \"essential\" and sticks to nouns (必需品).",
   "url": "/compare/bixu-bixu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "weile-yinwei",
   "items": [
    "为了",
    "因为"
   ],
   "note": "为了 aims forward at a goal — \"in order to\" (为了感谢您); 因为 points back at a cause — \"because\" (因为下雨，比赛取消了).",
   "url": "/compare/weile-yinwei/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "yushi-suoyi",
   "items": [
    "于是",
    "所以"
   ],
   "note": "所以 draws the logical conclusion (很冷，所以我不想出去); 于是 narrates the next move — \"thereupon\" (于是出现了一个问题).",
   "url": "/compare/yushi-suoyi/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "mingbai-zhidao",
   "items": [
    "明白",
    "知道"
   ],
   "note": "知道 = have the fact (他知道这件事); 明白 = grasp the meaning — \"got it\" (我明白了，谢谢你).",
   "url": "/compare/mingbai-zhidao/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "biede-qita",
   "items": [
    "别的",
    "其他"
   ],
   "note": "Same \"other\": 别的 is the spoken default (别的地方); 其他 is the formal, written \"the rest\" (其他更好的事情).",
   "url": "/compare/biede-qita/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "jingyan-jingli",
   "items": [
    "经验",
    "经历"
   ],
   "note": "经验 is banked know-how (工作的经验); 经历 is what you lived through — and the verb \"to undergo\" (经历了很多变化).",
   "url": "/compare/jingyan-jingli/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "fasheng-faxian",
   "items": [
    "发生",
    "发现"
   ],
   "note": "发生 = happen — events do it themselves (这种事发生了); 发现 = discover — you notice what was already there (发现读这本书很难).",
   "url": "/compare/fasheng-faxian/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "jieshou-shoudao",
   "items": [
    "接受",
    "收到"
   ],
   "note": "收到 puts a concrete thing in your hands (收到了朋友的一封信); 接受 takes on the abstract — a job, advice, criticism (接受这份工作).",
   "url": "/compare/jieshou-shoudao/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "jie-zu",
   "items": [
    "借",
    "租"
   ],
   "note": "借 is free — borrow or lend (借你的笔记); 租 costs money — rent by the day or the month (租车).",
   "url": "/compare/jie-zu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "gang-gangcai",
   "items": [
    "刚",
    "刚才"
   ],
   "note": "刚 is an adverb welded to the verb (刚回到家); 刚才 is a time noun — it can open the sentence on its own (刚才桌子上有一本书吗？).",
   "url": "/compare/gang-gangcai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "changchang-wangwang",
   "items": [
    "常常",
    "往往"
   ],
   "note": "常常 = often, raw frequency, future included (常常迟到); 往往 = a pattern read off experience — \"more often than not\", past and present only (往往没有很多顾客).",
   "url": "/compare/changchang-wangwang/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "benlai-yuanlai",
   "items": [
    "本来",
    "原来"
   ],
   "note": "本来 = originally, the plan before reality (我本来应该读一下这本书); 原来 can mean \"originally\" too, but only it delivers the \"aha, I see\" discovery (原来如此).",
   "url": "/compare/benlai-yuanlai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "renwei-yiwei",
   "items": [
    "认为",
    "以为"
   ],
   "note": "认为 states a considered opinion (我认为你知道那不是真的); 以为 voices a supposition — usually a mistaken one (你真的以为我会帮你吗？).",
   "url": "/compare/renwei-yiwei/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "ba-bei",
   "items": [
    "把",
    "被"
   ],
   "note": "把 hauls the object up front so the subject can dispose of it (不要把我们的计划告诉任何人); 被 marks the subject as the one taking the hit (被爱).",
   "url": "/compare/ba-bei/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "daodi-zhongyu",
   "items": [
    "到底",
    "终于"
   ],
   "note": "终于 lands the long-awaited result — \"at last\" (他终于完成了他的目标); 到底 presses for the bottom line and sharpens questions (到底是什么).",
   "url": "/compare/daodi-zhongyu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "cengjing-yijing",
   "items": [
    "曾经",
    "已经"
   ],
   "note": "已经 = \"already\" — done as of now (已经做完了); 曾经 = \"once\" — an experience that is over (曾经住过的房子).",
   "url": "/compare/cengjing-yijing/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "ci-bian",
   "items": [
    "次",
    "遍"
   ],
   "note": "次 counts occurrences — how many times it happened (去过三次北京); 遍 counts complete run-throughs — the whole thing, start to finish (再说一遍).",
   "url": "/compare/ci-bian/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "yiji-he",
   "items": [
    "以及",
    "和"
   ],
   "note": "和 is the spoken \"and\" between equal nouns (喝茶和咖啡); 以及 is the written \"as well as\" that chains longer lists (农业信息以及农产品技术).",
   "url": "/compare/yiji-he/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "du-du",
   "items": [
    "渡",
    "度"
   ],
   "note": "渡 adds 氵 to 度 — crossings that feel like water (渡河, 过渡); bare 度 measures degree (温度) and spends time (度假).",
   "url": "/compare/du-du/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "zao-zao",
   "items": [
    "燥",
    "躁"
   ],
   "note": "Same sound shell 喿: fire 火 makes 燥 the dry one (干燥); foot 足 makes 躁 the fidgety one (急躁, 烦躁).",
   "url": "/compare/zao-zao/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "ji-ji",
   "items": [
    "即",
    "既"
   ],
   "note": "Mirror-image meals: 即 kneels toward the food — \"about to / even if\" (即将, 即使); 既 turns away, meal done — \"already / since\" (既然).",
   "url": "/compare/ji-ji/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "you-zai",
   "items": [
    "又",
    "再"
   ],
   "note": "Both \"again\": 又 replays what already happened (他又迟到了), 再 schedules what has not (这件事明天再谈).",
   "url": "/compare/you-zai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "jiu-cai",
   "items": [
    "就",
    "才"
   ],
   "note": "Same slot, opposite expectation: 就 says \"earlier/faster than expected\" (我马上就来), 才 \"later than expected\" (他九点才起床).",
   "url": "/compare/jiu-cai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "dui-duiyu",
   "items": [
    "对",
    "对于"
   ],
   "note": "对 is the everyday \"toward\" and doubles as \"correct\" (你说得对); 对于 is the formal, written \"regarding\" that only fronts a topic (对于我来说没任何意义).",
   "url": "/compare/dui-duiyu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "youdian-yidian",
   "items": [
    "有点",
    "一点"
   ],
   "note": "有点 + adjective = \"somewhat\", usually a complaint (有点累了); 一点 measures a noun or degree — in negatives, \"not the least bit\" (一点关系都没有).",
   "url": "/compare/youdian-yidian/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "bangmang-bangzhu",
   "items": [
    "帮忙",
    "帮助"
   ],
   "note": "帮助 carries its object directly (帮助别人); 帮忙 splits — the helped person goes inside (帮我的忙), or it stays whole (谢谢你帮忙).",
   "url": "/compare/bangmang-bangzhu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "yihou-houlai",
   "items": [
    "以后",
    "后来"
   ],
   "note": "以后 anchors \"after\" to a point, future included (穿好衣服以后); 后来 is \"later on\" in a past story and stands alone (但后来忘了).",
   "url": "/compare/yihou-houlai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "turan-huran",
   "items": [
    "突然",
    "忽然"
   ],
   "note": "Both drop in as \"suddenly\" adverbs (我忽然想起); only 突然 also works as an adjective — 很突然 is fine, 很忽然 is not.",
   "url": "/compare/turan-huran/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "yizhi-zongshi",
   "items": [
    "一直",
    "总是"
   ],
   "note": "一直 is one unbroken stretch (我一直在等你); 总是 is every single time — a habit on repeat (她总是忘记带钥匙).",
   "url": "/compare/yizhi-zongshi/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "manyi-manzu",
   "items": [
    "满意",
    "满足"
   ],
   "note": "满意 = pleased with something (对他的新车很满意); 满足 = fulfill a need or feel content inside (满足您的要求).",
   "url": "/compare/manyi-manzu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "shihe-heshi",
   "items": [
    "适合",
    "合适"
   ],
   "note": "适合 is the verb — it takes an object (中号更适合您); 合适 is the adjective \"suitable\" — no object allowed (对我正合适).",
   "url": "/compare/shihe-heshi/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "tongguo-jingguo",
   "items": [
    "通过",
    "经过"
   ],
   "note": "通过 goes through a method — \"by means of\" (通过他的介绍); 经过 goes through a place or a span of time (刚从这里经过).",
   "url": "/compare/tongguo-jingguo/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "fanying-fanying",
   "items": [
    "反应",
    "反映"
   ],
   "note": "Same fǎnyìng: 反应 is the response to a stimulus (做出反应); 反映 is the mirror that shows what lies underneath (反映了它的文化).",
   "url": "/compare/fanying-fanying/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "bixu-bixu",
   "items": [
    "必须",
    "必需"
   ],
   "note": "Same bìxū: 必须 is the adverb \"must\" before a verb (必须去医院); 必需 is \"essential\" and sticks to nouns (必需品).",
   "url": "/compare/bixu-bixu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "weile-yinwei",
   "items": [
    "为了",
    "因为"
   ],
   "note": "为了 aims forward at a goal — \"in order to\" (为了感谢您); 因为 points back at a cause — \"because\" (因为下雨，比赛取消了).",
   "url": "/compare/weile-yinwei/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "yushi-suoyi",
   "items": [
    "于是",
    "所以"
   ],
   "note": "所以 draws the logical conclusion (很冷，所以我不想出去); 于是 narrates the next move — \"thereupon\" (于是出现了一个问题).",
   "url": "/compare/yushi-suoyi/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "mingbai-zhidao",
   "items": [
    "明白",
    "知道"
   ],
   "note": "知道 = have the fact (他知道这件事); 明白 = grasp the meaning — \"got it\" (我明白了，谢谢你).",
   "url": "/compare/mingbai-zhidao/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "biede-qita",
   "items": [
    "别的",
    "其他"
   ],
   "note": "Same \"other\": 别的 is the spoken default (别的地方); 其他 is the formal, written \"the rest\" (其他更好的事情).",
   "url": "/compare/biede-qita/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "jingyan-jingli",
   "items": [
    "经验",
    "经历"
   ],
   "note": "经验 is banked know-how (工作的经验); 经历 is what you lived through — and the verb \"to undergo\" (经历了很多变化).",
   "url": "/compare/jingyan-jingli/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "fasheng-faxian",
   "items": [
    "发生",
    "发现"
   ],
   "note": "发生 = happen — events do it themselves (这种事发生了); 发现 = discover — you notice what was already there (发现读这本书很难).",
   "url": "/compare/fasheng-faxian/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "jieshou-shoudao",
   "items": [
    "接受",
    "收到"
   ],
   "note": "收到 puts a concrete thing in your hands (收到了朋友的一封信); 接受 takes on the abstract — a job, advice, criticism (接受这份工作).",
   "url": "/compare/jieshou-shoudao/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "jie-zu",
   "items": [
    "借",
    "租"
   ],
   "note": "借 is free — borrow or lend (借你的笔记); 租 costs money — rent by the day or the month (租车).",
   "url": "/compare/jie-zu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "gang-gangcai",
   "items": [
    "刚",
    "刚才"
   ],
   "note": "刚 is an adverb welded to the verb (刚回到家); 刚才 is a time noun — it can open the sentence on its own (刚才桌子上有一本书吗？).",
   "url": "/compare/gang-gangcai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "changchang-wangwang",
   "items": [
    "常常",
    "往往"
   ],
   "note": "常常 = often, raw frequency, future included (常常迟到); 往往 = a pattern read off experience — \"more often than not\", past and present only (往往没有很多顾客).",
   "url": "/compare/changchang-wangwang/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "benlai-yuanlai",
   "items": [
    "本来",
    "原来"
   ],
   "note": "本来 = originally, the plan before reality (我本来应该读一下这本书); 原来 can mean \"originally\" too, but only it delivers the \"aha, I see\" discovery (原来如此).",
   "url": "/compare/benlai-yuanlai/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "renwei-yiwei",
   "items": [
    "认为",
    "以为"
   ],
   "note": "认为 states a considered opinion (我认为你知道那不是真的); 以为 voices a supposition — usually a mistaken one (你真的以为我会帮你吗？).",
   "url": "/compare/renwei-yiwei/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "ba-bei",
   "items": [
    "把",
    "被"
   ],
   "note": "把 hauls the object up front so the subject can dispose of it (不要把我们的计划告诉任何人); 被 marks the subject as the one taking the hit (被爱).",
   "url": "/compare/ba-bei/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "daodi-zhongyu",
   "items": [
    "到底",
    "终于"
   ],
   "note": "终于 lands the long-awaited result — \"at last\" (他终于完成了他的目标); 到底 presses for the bottom line and sharpens questions (到底是什么).",
   "url": "/compare/daodi-zhongyu/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "cengjing-yijing",
   "items": [
    "曾经",
    "已经"
   ],
   "note": "已经 = \"already\" — done as of now (已经做完了); 曾经 = \"once\" — an experience that is over (曾经住过的房子).",
   "url": "/compare/cengjing-yijing/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "ci-bian",
   "items": [
    "次",
    "遍"
   ],
   "note": "次 counts occurrences — how many times it happened (去过三次北京); 遍 counts complete run-throughs — the whole thing, start to finish (再说一遍).",
   "url": "/compare/ci-bian/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "yiji-he",
   "items": [
    "以及",
    "和"
   ],
   "note": "和 is the spoken \"and\" between equal nouns (喝茶和咖啡); 以及 is the written \"as well as\" that chains longer lists (农业信息以及农产品技术).",
   "url": "/compare/yiji-he/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "du-du",
   "items": [
    "渡",
    "度"
   ],
   "note": "渡 adds 氵 to 度 — crossings that feel like water (渡河, 过渡); bare 度 measures degree (温度) and spends time (度假).",
   "url": "/compare/du-du/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "zao-zao",
   "items": [
    "燥",
    "躁"
   ],
   "note": "Same sound shell 喿: fire 火 makes 燥 the dry one (干燥); foot 足 makes 躁 the fidgety one (急躁, 烦躁).",
   "url": "/compare/zao-zao/"
  },
  {
   "slug": "ji-ji",
   "items": [
    "即",
    "既"
   ],
   "note": "Mirror-image meals: 即 kneels toward the food — \"about to / even if\" (即将, 即使); 既 turns away, meal done — \"already / since\" (既然).",
   "url": "/compare/ji-ji/"
  }
 ]
}